keegan



(No Model.)

V. B. KBEGAN. ELEGTRIG MOTOR.

No. 349,654. Patented Sept. 21, 1 886.

Hf 4 I 6, j 0 0 a r4v PETERS. Pnnumnm m hm. Washington. D. I:v

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

YII'QOENT E. KEEGAN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

SPEUZPECATION forming part of Letters Patent 1104349554, dated September 21,1886.

(No model.)

To aZZ 21/710711, it may concern.-

ie it known that I. Yixcnxr 1' KEEGAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Boston, 111 the county otSul'i'olk and Stateot' Massachusetts, have invented a new and I mprovcd Electro-Magnetic Motor, of which the follow- 111g is a specification.

The nature of my invention consists 111 the peculiar construction of the pole ends of the lield-111agnet cores, which vt'ace each other on a. parallel line, and the arrangement of one or more double electromagnet arinatures to ro tate on a line parallel and common with the axis of said pole-cores ot' field-magnet, so that the armature simultaneously moves by attraction and re n'llsion from its present position to one bel'ore the peculiarly-constructed pole. The object of this is to make one fieldmagnet equivalent to a number of separate magnets, while 111 reality but one magnet is used,whose poles are crowned, all as described 111 the following specification.

111 the accompanying drawings, Figure 1. a perspective View of the motor. Fig. 2 shows a modified l'orm of armature detached. Fig. 3 shows in side elevation the armature 111 positiou. Fig. 1 shows in perspective a modified term of the '11eld-magnet. Fig. 5 shows the armature 111 its relation to this term of field= magnet, and Fig. 6 is a lace View of Fig. 4.

111 Fig. l I show a full view 01" the motor. A A are the two poles ol'a field-magnet. These are prel'eralib hollow cylinders 01 about five inches in diameter, five inches long, and the walls from one-hall to one inch 111 thickness,

as shown by letter H on the face of the pole in Fig. 4. These dimensions may be varied according to the size of the motor. I place the crmvn-points or projections, Figs. 1 and S, in m m m m and a a a a 11 on the end of said hollow cvlindrical poles around the circun1ference. I placethecrown-points 011 one pole, A, so that they come opposite the spaces between the crown-points on the pole A. Although I show the crown-points and the spaces between such points on each pole of equal width, the one may be in excess of the other when two or more armaturcs are uscdthat is, the spaces between the crown-points 11121 1 be greater or less than the width of each point or projc tiou, but I prefer to use them as described.-

These poles, with their crown-points or projections, as shown in Fig. 1, face each other on a parallel line with a common axis to each, and a s s 3 represent the baclepiece and frame of such motor. On the shaft K K K, common with said axis of the magnets, I adjust the armature (Z (Z c c i 1", which is a double electro-inagnet, or two electro-magnets with their backs to each other, and is placed between the poles A A of the field-magnet. The poles of the armature are of the same diameter as the width of the crown-points, and of about two inches in length up to the back piece 1'1 and act before the poles of the field-nmgnets as 1'01- lows: The poles d (1 are both of the same sign, or both north poles, and e c are both. south poles; but (1 e constitute one electro-m'agnet, and d 0 another magnet, -making them distinctly two elcctro-magnets separate from each other. \Vhen d and d are north poles and A of the field-n1agnet is south pole, then A of fieldmagnet will be north pole. Theret'ore d, which is north pole with (1, will attract crown-point a of pole A, while (1 will repel m of A, and when d is ilush with the space between the crown-points 011 pole A and (Z is flush with 11. of pole A, then the armature changes polarity through and by its coils, which are c011- neeted with a commutator to so act. Such commutator I need not here describe, as it is of the ordinary make to accomplish such change of direction of current. \Vhile d and (1 thus act as described, 0 and c act correspondingly on the otherhalf of the cylindrical core of the field-magnet, and thus as the armature attracts and repels simultaneously on each of its pole sides, and suceessivel y changes polarit} when flush. with each one 013' the crown-poin1s, it acquires a rotary motion on its shalt, which for direction of motion much depends upon its momentum, to give it d1rection of attraction one way or another over the opposite, which is sutlicient 111 and for small motors; but in the large motor, to be independentof n1o111cntum. altogether, I use two of such double electro-magnet armatures as described, which I show in Fig. 2, (Z (l e e. In this figure, (1 e is one electromagnet of north pole (l 6 south pole, and the crossbar or right-angle piece with poles (10 represents a second clectromagnet. Back to back with these two magnets are two correspom'li 11g elew troqnagncts, as (1 c and d 0, so the tour constitute two double electro-magnets or four ma'gnets placed back to back and at right angles to each other. In Fig. 3 I show this armature adjusted on the shaft or in position it would be when on the shaft and between the poles of the field-magnet, the same as previously described, A A. being field-magnet poles and d d c c e e representing the poles of such armature, and i 71 being their cross-pieces. When (1 is flush with m, c of the second double armature is half flush with m, and, therefore, as it has the way of motion by one-half the length of a width of crown m, it adds its force of attraction to m over its attraction to m, and the force of attraction of d to n of pole-piece A, thereby giving d e a greater attraction to n m in the direction of the motion of 0 than in the opposite direction. Thus as one of the double armatures is always one half ahead over one of the crown-points, there is always a greater force of attraction in one given direction, causing the armature to make a complete rotation independent of momentum and without any dead-centers of motion. I thus obtain, by the successive changes of polarity of the armature through its commutator connected with its coils, a rotary motion of such armature on its shaft between the two poles of one field-magnet only, whose pole ends having the CIOWl1-1)OI11tS, as described, they are substantially equivalent to an equal num ber of separate field-magnets. Thus I am able to obtain a large motor in a small space and at much less cost of material and less weight. The cylindrical cores of the field-magnets A A,

I wind with covered wire, as shown in the drawings, which makes them an electro-magnet. I also, as shown, wind the armature-poles with Wire, which may be or not in the same circuit with the coils of the field-magnet; but I prefer them to be independently connected with a commutator.

In Fig. 4 I show a modified form of the motor described in Fig. 1. In this figure, A represents one cylindrical hollow core, with. its crown-points n a n n a, and also wound with wire, and B represents the other pole, which I place within the pole A and concen-' tric wit-h it, having also its crown-points m m on m on. These two poles are united by the back pieces 8 s and foot-stand .9. Between these two poles A and B, and within the space R, 1 insert the poles of an ordinary horseshoe electro-magnet to about one inch, as shown in Fig. 5, where E E is such an armature, with its poles inserted in such space R between the said poles A and B; and K K is the shaft on which it rotates, one end of which sets into B for support. The inner pole, B, of the fieldmagnet I show with a wire coil around it in perspective in Fig. 4, and in Fig. 6 I show a face view of the two pole ends of A and B,

with a sectional view or the armaturepoles E E inserted within'the space It between said poles A and B, and the action of the armature between the two poles of the field-magnet is when attracting m it repels a, and by chang ing polarity when flush with m or n it then" acts, by attraction or repulsion to the next succeeding crownpoint, and so on during a full revolution.

In the diagram I show but one armature; but in the large motor for practical power I would use two or more, placing the second armature so that it would overlap one-half the face of the crown-point or projection n and m, the same as described in the foregoing for the armature in Figs. 2 and 3; but whereas in these figures I show double armatures, in the present form of Figs. 4-, 5, and 6 I would only use one or more single electroanagnet armatures, as shown in Figs. 5 by E E.

I claim as my invention 1. In combination, the cylindrical cores of a field-magnet having crown-pieces, and an armature on the same axis as the cylindrical cores, with poles of a diameter equal to the width of one of the crown-pieces and parallel therewith, adapted to revolve by successive attractions and repulsions before one crownpieee of each cylindrical core at a time for each individual electro-magnet of the armature, substantially as described.

2. In combination, the cylindrical cores of a field-magnet having crown-pieces equal in width to the spaces between them, and an armature on an axis concentric with the cores, and having poles equal in diameter to the width of one crown-piece, adapted to revolve by attractions and repulsions before one crown-piece of each cylindrical pole at a time for each individual electro-magnet of the ar mature, substantially as described.

3. In combination with the hollow cylindrical cores having crown-pieces, the double armature having pole-pieces revolving on axes concentric with that of the cylindrical cores and in front of the crown-pieces, said armatures being placed back to back, all substantial] y as described.

4. The hollow cylindrical core of a fieldmagnet having crown-pieces, in combination with an interior core with the crowirpieces and an armature, all substantially as described.

VINCENT E. KEEGAN.

\Vitnesses:

' C. M. Inn,

M. E. SOHIEFFELIN. 

